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Adultery Gene?You guys called it. Several previous Average Joe posts explored the question of whether there was a genetic connection to homosexuality (here, here, and here). To paraphrase some of your responses, it didn't matter if science eventually detected a genetic origin for homosexuality: the biblical injunction stands. After all, science has uncovered a genetic connection to alcoholism, and might yet divulge a genetic basis for behaviors like fornication or adultery. Swedish researchers report (Marital Crisis? Blame It on Male Genes) that a gene variant, allele 334, may explain "why some men are more prone to stormy relationships and bond less to their wives or girlfriends."Men with one or two copies of the gene behaved differently than those who lacked 334, and their relationships suffered accordingly. Those with two copies of allele 334 were twice as likely to have had a marital crisis as men without the gene. Martin Ingvar, a professor of neurophysiology at Stockholm's Karolinska Institute, said that "These are original findings which shed light on the fact that all of our behaviours are influenced by both nature and nurture. Even complex, cultural social phenomens such as marriage are influenced by a person's genetic make-up." What does this mean? To be clear, the study identified bonding issues and not marital infidelity. But if the research holds up, what does it say about authentic human choices? One can imagine the "I can't help it, I'm hardwired"defense for adulterous behavior. From a Christian perspective, why would a Creator endow some men with this gene and not others? For that matter, why would God equip people with any gene that manifests itself in behavior the Bible deems sinful? One of the researchers cautions that the effect of the genetic variation is modest and cannot predict future behavior, but perhaps an atheist might see a reason to believe in naturalism. Nature gave us the genes, and we choose to express them the way we do because we're simply keeping our genes going. The notion of sinful behavior—a product of biblical morality—should be relegated to the wastebasket of tired ideas in favor of evolutionary preferences. Your comments? |



Comments
The question of genetic
The question of genetic impact on moral behavior has arisen several times in these posts, but no one has addressed the issue of psychopaths (who are prone to numerous superficial sexual relationships). This particular group expresses a wide range of persistent and severe immoral behavior (typically criminal) often beginning very early in life and lifelong in extent. There appears to be a strong genetic component to the most severe forms of the disorder.
The most robust research on psychopaths indicates that they are physiologically wired to experience less anxiety in situations that typically elicit painful responses and teach most of us to avoid these situations. They do not learn these responses and do not experience the corresponding sense of satisfaction in doing the right thing. These responses finally led Cleckley to conclude that psychopaths had a flaw in their ability to formulate a conscience.
For a time society excused psychopathic behavior as a possible mental illness (they could not appreciate the wrongfulness of their actions) and placed them in psychiatric hospitals; however, more recent statutes specifically exclude them from entering mental health pleas on these grounds. Most spend the majority of their lives in prison.
Given this brief history of psychopathy as I understand it, it appears that some in society are ready to use genetic predisposition as a way to excuse behavior that they already think is appropriate (or not too bad) but that more traditional sources of morality believe is inappropriate. They do not seem willing to swallow the whole camel and allow the poor "genetically impaired" psychopath to kill, rape, rob and beat up anyone who gets in his way.
I believe that the hopeless moral condition of the psychopath fits in well with comments previously made in this blog. Jesus' offer of atonement is radical and provides something that we cannot do for ourselves: the psychopath is simply an extreme example of our fallen condition but much closer to us than we would like to admit. Jesus' sanctifying Spirit searches us, finds our weaknesses and applies remedies beyond our wildest imaginings. As C.S. Lewis wrote we have never met an ordinary person. All of us are headed toward becoming an unimaginable horror or someone we would be tempted (in our current condition) to worship.
Correction: I am sure
Correction:
I am sure anyone who read that knew what I meant, but just in case... I said, "Responsibility does not require guilt. But love does…"
Of course what I meant to say... was that love DOES require responsibility.
Rob, it seems inescapable to
Rob, it seems inescapable to me that God planned the basic principles of His creation--not the details, so as to allow free will, and as has been said, the greatest of all, love--including the possibility to disobey Him, which is the essence of sin. It is in God's plan that we experience sin first, which is darkness, just as darkness covered the face of the deep in the beginning. In that darkness we really have no choice. But on accepting Him through the redemption offered in Christ, the Light dawns and we now have the choice. Without knowing sin we would not know what we are choosing between and there would be no love, no fellowship. Now we do have the choice. Any genetic disposition pales in significance to the great gap between darkness and light. Woe be to me if I then love darkness rather than Light.
Ken, it certainly appears
Ken, it certainly appears that we cannot weigh all of these angles to our complete satisfaction. And in the great scheme, I too don't know if whatever differences (if any) we're discussing are important. I almost hate to raise them. I only know that I try to understand the distinctions and where they align when I can... sometimes for legitimate reasons; though, if I'm not careful sometimes not.
Sometimes I just don't know.
As for your final point, it's a perfect example of how difficult it can be to 'fully grasp' the reality of what Jesus is telling us: "No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him, and I will raise him up at the last day" John 6:44
In case there is any confusion, I was not arguing that God was guilty of any sin. Responsibility does not require guilt. But love does...
Thinking this all through again, you actually nailed it with your question about free will and true love. Yes...
I won't try and expound upon it for risk of only trying to sound smart, but I think I understand. Some things are just unspeakable, and best revealed by our Lord's questions and remaining silent.
I shall therefore repent and shut up now :)
I don’t know whether we
I don’t know whether we agree or disagree theologically, or that it’s very important one way or the other in the scheme of things.
I do know that I too believe, to my great comfort, that God has taken complete responsibility for his Creation, including the possibility that he makes that choice for us, because I‘m not so certain man would ever choose to accept Christ by his own volition.
Ken, if free will doesn't
Ken, if free will doesn't exist then certainly true love cannot either. Yours is another beautiful self-answering question.
I agree that sin is not the result of God's design. And sin is man's doing to be sure. I think it is even more accurate to say that sin is satan's doing, and we listened to his temptings rather than trust God. I see that seed of doubt in my own heart again and again. In 'some sense' we are empty vessels who's only real choice is which voices to listen to. If we choose to heed the voice of truth, we can then become full and in the truest sense 'real' and 'allive'.
Our Character, the way you described it is our responsibility. I personally don't think (at least at this moment in my own understanding) that that holds up Biblically, unless you mean our simple willingness to concede our need for further redemption 'as it is revealed to us' along our individual journey. If that is what you meant, then I would agree to that.
The point is this... some of us are fine people compared to others. But the true comparison is Christ. It is clear Biblically that our own righteousness (if that's what you mean by character) 'is as filthy rags'. Paul spoke of there being 'no good thing in me'. And C.S. Lewis pointed out somewhere that these were not simply self abasing attempts at phony piety. I think Lewis said that 'when the great saints spoke of such things, they were positing a fact' (paraphrased). I agree with Lewis.
Speaking for myself, there are some temptations in my life that I quite literally can control only by crying out to God and keeping my eye on Him, sometimes multiple times daily. And the rationalizing and battles only grow worse from there. And I think God intends for us to become good at remembering that and to be practised at leaning on Him to support us.
Some of you are very mature, kind, and well adjusted. I think the better we are in terms of moral character, the easier it is to forget this. That is why the woman poured perfume over Jesus', and His own disciples were a bit perturbed.
I think Charles would understand what I mean, and I am struggling to find a way to make this distinction without being argumentative. With God's guidance, I pray that I am succeeding more so than in the past. If this is just too much theology in terms of reaching out to non-believers, I would likely disagree, but respect that, and you are free not to post this unwieldy response.
I tend to look at it this way... and you are free to disagree. God allowed for free will, knowing that we would fall. And I don't see how we can refute that God has a degree of responsibility there. In fact, to me, the buck stops with Him as it were. But by offering us forgiveness, dying for our sins, rising from the dead, and giving us that gospel to think carefully about; accept or reject, the responsibility certainly does then fall on our shoulders. He turned the tables on us. As Paul says, we are now 'without excuse'.
What is clear to me the more I follow Him, is that the actual weight of our true condition (even the best characters among us), and the stark reality of the actual burden and chasm, is far more than any mere man can bear. It leaves me feeling utterly hopeless when I consider it. Ah! But as Paul also said, 'Thanks be unto God for his unspeakable gift'.
You said man is condemned by his choices. If I were to pin that down I would say 'his choice to accept or reject Christ'.
Perhaps this is the distinction... Condemnation is ultimately an eternal matter settled in a moment, but consequences of daily choices play out in time.
This is too extreme for many, and it is certainly not a popular doctrine in this age (even to me), but I find it to be true nonetheless. I don't know that we all have to dig that deep. Certainly not at the same moment in time. I only know that I did and still do keep these things in front of me. A man with my current character needs a lot of reminding.
I like how Rob describes it
I like how Rob describes it and I love the comeback, thanks for sharing.
However, if right and wrong doesn’t exist than free will doesn’t exist and if free will doesn’t exist does true love exist?
I can think of one point that might need to be made clearer. Man is condemned by his own choices and saved by God’s Grace. I don’t think we should lose sight of the fact that sin is man’s doing and not the result of God’s design. DNA not withstanding, I think our character is defined more by the degree to which we are able to control our desire than by how much we allow our desire to define and control us. That, of course, puts the responsibility on man not accident of birth.
I think Jonathan Hudson
I think Jonathan Hudson nailed it when he said, "The bible talks about each of us having a 'sinful nature', in other words, we are naturally sinful. These studies just prove that".
The best illustration of this point that I have heard comes from Ravi Zacharius. He takes Oxford prof. Richard Dawkins' claim that, 'there is no such thing as right and wrong, we're all just dancing to our DNA'... and responds with, 'How much more profound then is the claim of Jesus that we must be born again'?
We are products of our DNA and environment. We are fallen creatures living in a fallen creation. We can imply our own deity by worshipping the creation, or we can turn to God to redeem us.
The only choice we have in my mind is to become utterly dependent upon God. Without Him, we cannot change what we are.
I gave this same basic illustration to a man once and he said (very emotionally), 'I have a real problem with a God who would condemn us for the way He made us'. After a moment of silence I asked him, 'So the real God would take responsibility for this world and our sin'?
He was speechless...
Sensitivity to alcohol can
Sensitivity to alcohol can be inherited but alcoholism per se cannot be. Reason: no matter what your sensitivity, if you don’t drink alcohol, you won’t become an alcoholic. Likewise, it is probably true (yet so far unproved) that anyone who drinks alcohol often enough and long enough can eventually become addicted to the drug. Since I quit drinking 31 years ago, I have listened to thousands of alcoholic histories. Many of these report that insensitivity - not sensitivity - prompted them to continue to drink harder and longer, eventually resulting in symptomatic alcohol abuse. Of course one might say that all human beings everywhere inherit a genetic tendency toward alcoholism since anyone who drinks enough can become an alcoholic but this would be difficult or impossible to prove without exception.
The science behind the
The science behind the "gay-gene" idea may be suspect, but the controversy is over-rated. Is homosexuality inherited? There is better evidence that alcoholism is inherited. So is original sin! God gives each of us strengths and weaknesses. It is in our weaknesses that we have the opportunity to experience God's strength. And that is the furthest thing from indulging them.
Any inherited trait which
Any inherited trait which results in fewer fecund offspring will tend to die out in succeeding generations. If homosexuality were inherited it would have eliminated itself in time. Adultery, on the other hand, might be inherited providing adulterers had as many or more fecund offspring than non-adulterers. However, the survival rate and reproductive rate of offspring born in wedlock may well have been higher than that of the offspring of adultery due to the great human need for parental nurturing before successful reproduction. Likewise, could there be a genetic link to abortion or infanticide surviving in a human population? Answer: probably not. Same goes for "a murder gene" since those who murder are likely to be murdered before having enough children. A genetic link to murder would probably extinguish the human race.
We are all slaves to our
We are all slaves to our will. The will is never free.
My husband and I were
My husband and I were astonished when we began going to places where we knew we would find people in adultery or fornication only to discover that more than a few people were professing Christians. Christians, imvho, are very uneducated about sin and being set free from sin and what Jesus did for us.
Before salvation, just because you have a weakness, does not mean that you have to begin sinning. For example, if you are weak in the area of drunkenness, nothing forces you to take the first drink because before that point, you have no idea what it is like to be drunk. It is only after you take the first drink that you are drawn to the addiction.
We have a conscience that is given to us by God, which makes it so that even though we have weaknesses, we know better than to give in to them. Both Scripture and reality tell us that not everyone gives in to sin in every single area (Romans 2:14). But when we give in to it, sin grows like a cancer after it is conceived according to James. "When lust is conceived it bringeth forth sin and when sin is finished it bringeth forth death." Then we have a nature to keep on sinning (Eph 2:3).
I believe that the convergence for our process of deciding is in the heart because the soul (blood), spirit (breath), heart (heart) and body are likened metaphorically to the respiratory system. There are word pictures using those bodily functions to describe the inner man. Jesus said that out of our hearts came these evil things (Mark 7:21). Paul said very clearly that sin dwells in the flesh, Romans 7, which I believe is our physical body because he says that in the inward man he delights after the law and wants to do good. His final conclusion- who will deliver me from a. a sin nature b. a really bad heart c. this body of this death d. demons
I THANK GOD through Jesus Christ my Lord. So with my mind I serve the Law of God but with the FLESH the Law of sin.
There is therefore now no condemnation to those who are in Christ Jesus ... who walk not after the FLESH but after the Spirit. For the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus has set me free from the law of sin and death. For what the law could not do because it was weak through the flesh, God sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and for sin CONDEMNED sin in the flesh that the righteousness of the Law might be fulfilled in us who walk not after the FLESH but after the SPIRIT. (caps for emphasis) Romans 8
The reason man is without excuse is because God is manifest in him and his invisible attributes that are evidenced in creation. Why do you think there is such an obvious onslaught against creation?
Romans is a great book but you have to read it start to finish to understand Paul's point. It is a perfect explanation of this.
(a very very condensed version)
Vera
What a coincidence - we were
What a coincidence - we were just discussing this in church on Sunday. For my part, I know that I have certain "orientations", "preferences", and "attractions" that are natural for me (albiet part of my flesh nature) and certainly were not nurtured in my growing up. I am genetically predisposed to engage, relate to, and perceive the world and people in certain ways sexually. Those predispositions are all heterosexual, but that does not inherently make them right. If yielded to, they are still dishonoring to my wife at least, and quite adulterous (and fornicative pre-marriage) if embraced. They present struggles to me to be sure, but they are not insurmountable (lest one cling to the "I can't change/fight who I am" argument). By focusing on God first, and my wife second, I can and do conquer these (now I'm going to get blasted) defects and perversions that are quite natural, but also quite ungodly. I see any natural homosexual predisposition in the same light. Even if the homosexual orientation is proven to sometimes not be a choice, the embracing homosexual behavior is. There is a better choice.
The bible talks about each
The bible talks about each of us having a "sinful nature", in other words, we are naturally sinful. These studies just prove that.
Anyone who wants to rely on their genes to make moral decisions for themselves willingly gives up their right to choose, and willingly enslaves themselves to their genes "authority". Which is actually very similar to those who choose to do whatever they want, they think they are freeing themselves but actually become slaves to their desires.
Let's use our brains until we can prove that genes make better decisions for our daily lives.
As has been discussed
As has been discussed several times on this blog, it shouldn't surprise us that certain genes may influence, or even to some degree promote, immoral behavior. We are, after all, physical beings, dependent upon and subject to our biochemistry.
I remember a guy in high school who occasionally experienced seizures during class. Normally good natured and polite, he would shout profanities until the seizure passed. Could his behavior be considered immoral if he was incapable of making a moral decision? I personally don't think so.
The key difference between the example above and an adulterous relationship is choice. My classmate could not choose to refrain from shouting obscenities, whereas an adulterer could have chosen to refrain from that behavior. So while the argument of "nature made me do this" is in most cases invalid because the offender is able to make a genuine moral decision, in some cases the argument is indeed valid. I think our outreach endeavors would benefit from acknowledging and articulating this truth to our skeptical friends because it establishes common ground which in turn invites constructive dialogue.
Still the question remains as to why God would "endow" humans with an adultery gene. Several points are worth considering.
First, as Hugh and company are quick to point out, what science originally deems as incompatible with God's nature frequently turns out to be compatible upon further research. It may be that there is a higher need for an "adultery gene", much like there is a higher need for the type of atmosphere that permits hurricanes and tornados, but also advanced life to be possible.
Second, we understand that man's original sin brought about disastrous spiritual and physical consequences, affecting his relationship to God, himself, fellow beings, and even creation itself. The ground is cursed, man will "rule over" woman, etc. But perhaps the biggest consequence was that all humanity would inherit a sinful nature, a nature that, if left unchecked, leads to the deplorable conditions prior to the flood where the land was filled with violence and every inclination of man's heart was only evil all the time. Because humans are both spiritual and physical beings, it may be that this sinful nature is exhibited not only spiritually, but physically as well. In other words, perhaps an "adultery gene" is ultimately the result of, and not the cause of, immorality. Perhaps man's propensity to sin is augmented by the physical aspects of his sinful nature.
As Christians, we often focus on the spiritual implications of the fall at the expense, or even exclusion of, the physical implications, physical death being the notable exception. I can imagine this is because we tend to regard man as primarliy a spiritual being "trapped" in a physical body. But this is really an incomplete view of what it means to be human. So too is the naturalistic view of humanity that focuses solely on our physical nature while denying, or greatly diminsihing, our spiritual nature. The inevitable result of these two opposing viewpoints are fundamentally different takes on how (im)moral decisions are made.
For our part, adopting a more balanced and correct view of humanity as being fully spiritual and fully physical will necessarily allow us to better understand the point of view of skeptics and in so doing offer them reasons to believe.
Genes or no, we're the only
Genes or no, we're the only species with the "terrible gift", as the late Madeleine L'Engle called it, of free-will & self determination. Genes or no, isn't choosing to conquer one's flesh at the heart of Paul's teaching on how we ought to choose to live? We're so much more than mere instinct driven animals. We're self-aware beings with a unique non-genetic soul.
I too grow weary of variations of the excuse, "The woman You gave me..." to supposedly release us from deliberate, God-given choices for which each of us is responsible.
I find it amazing the
I find it amazing the lengths to which some persons ( specifically some males in this case) will go to justify themselves. I did read recently that some anthropologists are justifing Rape on the basis of evolutionary preferences. At what point does one say "enough is enough"? Apparently almost anything can be justified on the basis of evolution. Granted the desire to procreate is hardwired into us but does that justify infidelity? I think not. It seems that it is no longer a case of "The Devil told me to do it" but it has now become "A gene told me to do it". Are we really expected to be so stupid to believe that we will accept justification for immorality on the basis of "scientists found a gene"? Please get a grip, people, it is a matter of choice, and if someone has decided to commit adultery, any excuse (Skin of a reason stuffed with a Lie) will do. And I am sure the greater than 50% of the human population (Women) will not be naive enough to accept this stupidity. As the proverb states: As a Man thinks, so is he. So given that, hopefully we are not just brute animals. If a male is going to continually think about committing acts of infidelity, he will eventually do it and genetics has nothing to do with it. That is, unless, he has a higher moral code that will encourage him to terminate these thoughts before they become actions.